What mechanism does an evaporative cooling system utilize?

An evaporative cooling system operates on the principle of using the evaporation of water to cool the air. This mechanism is based on the scientific principle that when water evaporates, it absorbs heat from its surroundings. In an evaporative cooler, warm air from the environment is drawn through water-saturated pads. As the air passes over these pads, moisture evaporates into the air, resulting in a drop in temperature. This cooled air is then circulated into the living space, creating a comfortable environment.

This method is energy-efficient and environmentally friendly since it relies primarily on water for cooling rather than using energy-intensive refrigeration cycles found in traditional air conditioning systems. Evaporative cooling is particularly effective in dry climates where the low humidity allows for more significant evaporation rates, enhancing the cooling effect. Thus, option B accurately describes the essential function of an evaporative cooling system.